the duration of the violations of the Maastricht criteria have plunged the Euro into the worst crisis since its introduction. But how bad is the situation in the individual States? tagesschau.de summarized deficits, total debt, and economic growth in the EU-28 in graphics.
November 2018
budget deficit/surplus of EU countries (in % of GDP)201620172018*2019*2020 Belgium-2,4-0,9-1,0-1,1-1,3 Bulgaria+0,2+1,1+0,8+0,6+0,6 Denmark-0,4+1,1+0,2-0,1+0,6 Germany+0,9+1,0+1,6+1,2+1,1 Estonia-0,3-0,4+0,5+0,5+0,2 Finland-1,7-0,7-0,8-0,2-0,1 France-3,5-2,7-2,6-2,8-1,7 Greece+0,5+0,8+0,6+0,6+0,6 UK-2,9-1,8-1,3-1,0-1,0 Ireland-0,5-0,2-0,1-0,1+0,2 Italy-2,5-2,4-1,9-2,9-3,1 Croatia-0,9-0,9+0,2+0,4+0,1 Latvia+0,1-0,6-0,8-1,0-0,7 Lithuania+0,3+0,5+0,6+0,4+0,1 Luxembourg+1,6+1,4+1,3+1,2+0,9 Malta+0,9+3,5+1,3+1,2+0,7 Niederlande0,0+1,2+1,1+1,1+1,0 Austria-1,6-0,8-0,30,0+0,1 Poland-2,2-1,4-0,9-0,9-1,0 Portugal-2,0-3,0-0,7-0,6-0,2 Romania-2,9-2,9-3,3-3,4-4,7 Sweden+1,1+1,6+1,1+0,9+0,8 Slovakia-2,2-0,8-0,6-0,3-0,1 Slovenia-1,9+0,1+0,5+0,4+0,2 Spain-4,5-3,1-2,7-2,1-1,9 the Czech Republic+0,7+1,5+1,4+0,8+0,7 Hungary-1,6-2,2-2,4-1,9-1,8 Cyprus+0,3+1,8+2,8+3,0+3,9
The allowed deficit limit in the Maastricht Treaty is of -3.0%.
source: Eurostat/EU-Commission; *estimate
the total debt of EU countries (in % of GDP)201620172018*2019*2020* Belgien106,1103,4101,499,898,7 Bulgarien29,625,623,321,319,5 Dänemark37,936,133,332,230,5 Deutschland67,963,960,156,753,7 Estland9,28,78,07,67,5 Finnland63,061,359,858,557,5 Frankreich98,298,598,798,597,2 Griechenland178,5176,1182,5174,9167,4 Großbritannien87,987,486,084,582,6 Irland73,468,463,961,156,0 Italien131,4131,2131,1131,0131,1 Kroatien80,277,573,570,168,2 Lettland40,340,037,135,535,7 Litauen39,939,434,837,937,6 Luxemburg20,723,021,420,820,6 Malta56,350,947,944,842,1 Niederlande61,957,053,249,646,9 Österreich83,078,374,571,067,8 Polen54,250,649,248,347,4 Portugal129,2124,8121,5119,2116,8 Rumänien37,335,135,135,938,2 Schweden42,440,837,835,533,5 Slowakei51,850,948,846,444,2 Slowenien78,774,170,266,362,6 Spanien99,098,196,996,295,4 Tschechien36,834,733,232,131,2 Ungarn75,973,372,970,368,6 Zypern105,596,1105,098,491,0
The allowed threshold of the total debt in the Maastricht Treaty is 60%.
sources: Eurostat/EU-Commission; *estimate
economic growth in the EU countries (in % compared to the previous year)201620172018*2019*2020* Belgium+1,5+1,7+1,5+1,5+1,4 Bulgaria+3,9+3,8+3,5+3,7+3,6 Denmark+2,0+2,3+1,2+1,8+1,6 Germany+2,2+2,2+1,7+1,8+1,7 Estonia+3,5+4,9+3,5+2,8+2,6 Finland+2,5+2,8+2,9+2,2+1,9 France+1,2+2,2+1,7+1,6+1,6 Greece-0,2+1,5+2,0+2,0+2,0 UK+1,8+1,7+1,3+1,2+1,2 Ireland+5,0+7,2+7,8+4,5+3,8 Italy+1,1+1,6+1,1+1,2+1,3 Croatia+3,5+2,9+2,8+2,8+2,6 Latvia+2,1+4,6+4,1+3,2+2,9 Lithuania+2,4+4,1+3,4+2,8+2,5 Luxembourg+2,4+1,5+3,1+3,0+2,7 Malta+5,2+6,7+5,4+4,9+4,4 Netherlands+2,2+2,9+2,8+2,4+1,8 Austria+2,0+2,6+2,7+2,0+1,8 Poland+3,1+4,8+4,8+3,7+3,3 Portugal+1,9+2,8+2,2+1,8+1,7 Romania+4,8+7,3+3,6+3,8+3,6 Sweden+2,7+2,1+2,4+1,8+1,8 Slovakia+3,1+3,2+4,0+4,1+3,5 Slovenia+3,1+4,9+4,3+3,3+3,0 Spain+3,2+3,0+2,6+2,2+2,0 the Czech Republic+2,5+4,3+3,0+2,9+2,6 Hungary+2,3+4,1+4,3+3,4+2,6 Cyprus+4,8+4,2+3,9+3,5+2,9
source: Eurostat/EU-Commission; *estimate
Dossier: The chronology of the crisis
